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With 173 million barrels of proven oil reserves, Venezuela ranks second in the world today and aims to achieve 316 billion this year to settle as the main reservoir of the planet.
leadership second only to Venezuela in 52 thousand 827 million barrels by Saudi Arabia was confirmed during the tenure of President Hugo Chávez, a policy of recovering sovereignty and rescue oil Orinoco oil belt.
On March 18 formally joined Venezuela 39 000 949 million barrels, up 22.5 percent extractable oil a recovery certificate estimated 20 percent, according to the country's current technology suramericano.La most aggregate reserves were recorded in blocks Junin, Ayacucho and Boyacá in the Orinoco Belt, a region of more than 55 thousand square kilometers surrounding the extra-heavy oil and bitumen was considered previously.
More than just a technical name, has denounced Chavez allowed the categorization given the price of coal exploitation by transnational corporations and avoided joining the reserves nacionales.Para many experts it was a deliberate policy to make that huge reservoir 272 billion barrels as a strategic reserve in the hands of transnational corporations, for when the oil light disappeared.
In these large hydrocarbon resources Venezuelan authorities are precisely the U.S. hostility toward the current government, one of whose main lines were to regain control of its oil industry.
The scope Venezuelan oil, however, aims to be more medium and according to the U.S. Geological Survey, the extractable oil may exceed 500 billion barrels of technologies (existing) for a 40 percent recovery .
That perspective is being analyzed by the Venezuelan government, which plans an investment of 80 billion dollars in the four areas of the Orinoco Oil Belt Boyaca, Junin, Ayacucho and Carabobo.Para his survey, certification and holding these areas were divided in 27 blocks of 500 square kilometers each, where prospects have attracted more than 30 foreign companies.
As part of the politics of oil sovereignty, the country established that any exploitation of hydrocarbons be made by Petroleos de Venezuela (PDVSA) or joint ventures with operational control of the Venezuelan state company by estatal.Con It ended the so-called "oil opening", the parliament called for a covert privatization, through service contracts to foreign firms only pay one percent royalty and 34 percent tax.
Today the Venezuelan state has at least 60 per cent stake in both companies incorporated by direct allocations licitaciones.Como farm or at least claimed a recovery factor of 20 percent, to prevent improper practices those reported previously when it came to record an eight per cent for the sake of exaggerated benefits search.
The royalty was set at 33.33 percent and established the income tax of 50 percent, to ensure that oil revenues are in the país.Asimismo, the companies selected to undertake the installation of improvements to allow use of heavy oils and extra- fascia.
has been attractive conditions for medium and large enterprises around the world such as Chevron, the English Repsol, Italy's ENI, the Russian Gazprom, Rosneft and Lukoil, China's CNPC, Petrovietnam and diversity has otras.Esta brought another benefit, by ending dependence on the market, where previously the Venezuelan oil was delivered to the U.S. only.
Acceptance of the new rules, only rejected by Exxon and ConoccoPhillips, and politics of Venezuela predicts that happens in the next years of current production capacity of three million 100 thousand barrels per day to five million barrels a day.
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